A total of 140 patients underwent living donor this website liver transplantation (LDLT). Of these, 47 of 126 adult recipients showed indications of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver disease. The HTLV-1 prevalence rate
was 10 of 140 recipients (7.14%) and three of 140 donors (0.02%). In HCV-related LDLT, graft and patient survival was worsened by HTLV-1 infection in recipients (seven cases). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates in the HCV/HTLV-1-co-infected group were 67%, 32%, and 15%, respectively, and the corresponding rates in the HCV-mono-infected group were 80%, 67%, and 67%, respectively. Only the 5-year survival rates were statistically significant (P = 0.04, log-rank method). HTLV-1 infection in recipients is also an important factor in predicting survival in HTLV-1 endemic areas.”
“Aims: To quantify the changes in contours of the target and organs at risk and the differences between planned and delivered doses
to the target and organs at risk during the course of radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients treated with selleck chemicals llc intensity-modulated radiotherapy on the TomoTherapy HiArt (TM) system.
Materials and methods: Five patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with radical chemoradiotherapy using the TomoTherapy HiArt system were included in the study. The target volumes were treated to three different dose levels depending on the level of clinical risk for harbouring disease. Patient positions were assessed daily with megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT) and positional correction made before each treatment when necessary. MVCTs were superimposed on to the planning kilovoltage computed tomography images for each patient and target volumes and organ at risk volumes were re-outlined on MVCT images. Doses to clinical target volumes and organs at risk were recalculated to show the actual delivered doses.
Results: There was shrinkage in the volume of the parotid glands during treatment in all cases. The mean volume reduction in the ipsilateral
parotid gland was more marked at 30.2%, compared with the contralateral parotid glands. However, the mean percentage dose per fraction increase was higher in the contralateral parotid glands at 24%, compared with the ipsilateral parotids. The calculated PF-02341066 datasheet doses were higher than the planned doses in all CTV-54, CTV-60 and CTV-68, but the mean dose differences were modest, in the range 1.3-2.4%.
Conclusions: We have shown that there were considerable changes in the volume and dose to the parotids during treatment. The changes in volume and dose to the clinical target volume were more modest in comparison. Adaptive radiotherapy planning can be helpful in improving the dose to the parotid glands. However, its role in the optimisation of the dosage to the clinical target volume is less likely to result in a significant clinical benefit. (C) 2010 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.