An increasing number of targeted drugs will emerge in the coming years, based on molecular diagnostics and classification. The present article reviews signaling pathways in melanocytes and alterations in melanoma that are a prerequisite to understanding modern cancer therapies in melanoma.”
“Salvia officinalis (Common sage, Culinary sage) is an aromatic plant that is frequently used as a spice in Mediterranean cookery and in the food industry and as a traditional
medicine for the treatment of several infectious diseases. The essential AZD1208 oils were obtained by two different methods [hydrodistillation (HD) and microwave (Mw)] from the aerial part of S. officinalis L. growing wild in Ourika – Marrakech in Morocco. Ourika is a large zone of the Atlas Mountains which is considered as a large reserve of Flora, especially medicinal and aromatic plants. The obtained oils were analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and compared with that of Tunisia. Thirty-six compounds were identified from the Mw-extracted oil which accounted for 97.32% of the total oil composition.
However, 33 compounds obtained by HD representing 98.67%. The major components were find more trans-thujone (14.10% and 29.84%), 1,8-cineole (5.10% and 16.82%), camphor (4.99% and 9.14%), viridiflorol (16.42% and 9.92%), -caryophyllene (19.83% and 5.20%) and -humulene (13.54% and 4.02%). Antibacterial, allelopathic (% germination in
lettuce seeds and inhibited root growth obtained after treatment with S. officinalis oils) and antioxidant (IC50 values 22mg/mL) activities were studied.”
“This paper studies the size effect in the transverse deformation of nanowires or nanoropes subjected to flexural bending. Based on the classic strain-gradient theory, a continuum approach is proposed, in which the strain energy was expressed in terms of the linear strains and strain gradients, and two additional phenomenological internal parameters were introduced. The governing equation for the flexural deformation of the nanowires was derived according to the principle MAPK inhibitor of minimum potential energy. In particular, the deformations of the nanowires under two support conditions were determined explicitly, i.e., a cantilever nanowire and a fixed nanowire. Numerical examples were demonstrated to indicate the dependence of the effective modulus and bending stiffness upon the nanowire diameter and aspect ratio. The predictions given by the present model are consistent very well with the experimental measurements reported in the recent literature. The proposed model can be further used to explain the size effect in other properties of nanowires such as dynamics and thermal properties, among others. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3103322]“
“Psoriasis vulgaris is a frequent, chronically relapsing, immune-mediated, systemic disease with characteristic skin changes.