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“K-m for L-phenylalanine, L-glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid, and the corresponding keto acids
were calculated, as well as V-max was measured for the following pairs of substrates: L-phenylalanine-2-ketoglutarate, L-phenylalanine-oxaloacetate, L-glutamic acid-phenylpyruvate, and L-aspartic acid-phenylpyruvate for aminotransferases PAT1, PAT2, and PAT3 from Erwinia carotovora catalyzing transamination of phenylpyruvate. The ping-pong bi-bi mechanism was shown for the studied aminotransferases. The substrate inhibition (K-s) of PAT3 with 2-ketoglutarate and oxaloacetate was 10.23 +/- 3.20 and 3.73 +/- 1.99 mM, respectively.
It VX-680 molecular weight was shown that L-beta-(N-benzylamino) alanine
was a competitive inhibitor with respect to L-phenylalanine for PAT1 (K-i = 0.32 +/- 0.07 mM, K-m = 0.45 +/- 0.1 mM, V-max = 11. 6 +/- 0.4 U/mg) at 25 mM concentration of 2-ketoglutarate in the reaction medium. L-beta-(N-methylamino) Selleckchem Proteasome inhibitor alanine is a noncompetitive inhibitor with respect to L-phenylalanine for PAT3 (K-I = 138.4 +/- 95.4 mM, Km = 13.7 +/- 3.9 mM, V-max = 18.6 +/- 4.1 U/mg) at 2 mM concentration of 2 – ketoglutarate in the reaction medium. L-stereo isomers of nonprotein analogues of aromatic amino acids were studied as substrates for PAT1, PAT2, and PAT3. L-beta-(2-Br-phenyl) alanine, L-beta-(4-Br-phenyl) alanine, L-beta-(2-F-phenyl) alanine, and L-(2-F) tryptophan were good substrates for all three aminotransferases; L-alpha-methyl-beta-(2-Br-phenyl) alanine and L-O-benzyltyrosine XMU-MP-1 cost were substrates only for PAT3; L-beta-(4-F-phenyl) alanine was a substrate for PAT1 and PAT3. Thus, these analogues of aromatic amino acids can be stereoselectively synthesized using the studied aminotransferases in the presence of the corresponding keto acids.”
“Objective: There is little information about the accuracy of patient perceptions of their life expectancy. Here, we compare patient perceptions of their outlook and their oncologist’s estimates of life expectancy to actual survival.
Methods:
The Unmet Needs Study recruited patients with metastatic cancer. Oncologists were asked to estimate patient survival as: (1) weeks; (2) months; (3) < 1 year; (4)< 2 years; and (5) > 2 years. Patients were asked to estimate their outlook on a numerical scale from 1-7. Patient and oncologist estimates were compared with actual survival.
Results: Complete survival data were available for 50 patients: median age 63.5 years; 48% male; tumor types: 32% colorectal, 24% lung, 10% upper gastrointestinal cancer, 12% unknown primary; and median survival 6.8 months. The oncologists were 32% accurate in predicting survival and overestimated survival 42% of the time (weighted kappa = 0.34).